This image is a cross-section of several axons wrapped by myelin produced from Schwann cells. In the peripheral nervous system, each Schwann cell wraps around the axon to form a myelin layer. In the central nervous system, oligodendrocyte cells have branches that extend to different neurons, and each branch wraps a layer of myelin on the axon of the neuron.

Gaining a better understanding of Schwann cells, myelin, oligodendrocytes, and the peripheral nervous system can potentially lead to curing devastating diseases like lupus. Guillain-Barre syndrome, and more diseases related to the things mentioned above.

H.-J. Park, E. Tsai, D. Huang, M. Weaver, L. Frick, A. Alcantara, J. J. Moran, J. Patzig, C. V. Melendez-Vasquez, G. R. Crabtree, M. L. Feltri, J. Svaren, P. Casaccia. ACTL6a Coordinates Axonal Caliber Recognition and Myelination in the Peripheral Nerve. iScience, 2022, 25 (4), 104132. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2022.104132.